Reading Comprehension. 9 form. 2 term

Read the text and do the tasks

The Double-Edged Sword of Progress

Science is the systematic study of the universe, and inventions are the practical tools that emerge from this knowledge. Throughout history, humanity has witnessed several industrial revolutions, each triggered by a groundbreaking discovery. From the steam engine to electricity, every leap forward has fundamentally reshaped our society. Today, we are living through a digital and biotechnological revolution that is moving faster than any other era before.

One of the most transformative inventions is the computer. In the mid-20th century, computers like ENIAC were so massive they occupied entire rooms and consumed enormous amounts of power. However, the invention of the transistor and the subsequent development of microchips changed everything. Now, a single smartphone possesses more computing power than the systems used to send the first humans to the Moon. This miniaturization has made technology personal and portable.

In the 21st century, the focus has shifted toward sustainability and health. Medicine has seen incredible breakthroughs; for instance, genetic engineering and mRNA technology have allowed for the rapid development of vaccines. Furthermore, as the world faces the threat of climate change, "green" inventions are no longer a luxury but a necessity. Electric vehicles (EVs), massive wind turbines, and efficient solar cells are helping us transition away from fossil fuels to protect our environment.

However, scientific progress is a double-edged sword. While the internet provides instant access to the world’s knowledge, it also facilitates the spread of misinformation and compromises digital privacy. Similarly, while Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help doctors diagnose cancer more accurately, it also raises ethical concerns about job displacement. Therefore, modern scientists and inventors must balance their technical brilliance with social responsibility to ensure that progress benefits everyone.