Контроль читання. 11 клас (підсумкова робота)

Vocabulary.

Match the words with their definitions

TRANSPORT IN BRITAIN

Millions of people in the world spend their holidays travelling. Luckily, there are many companies today, which can organize your tour and leisure time whenever or wherever you like.

We are curious to know more about new places and countries, to explore their sights and to learn about other people’s culture. Most of all, we are interested in English-speaking countries.

You can reach England either by plane, by train, by car or by ship. The fastest way is by plane. London has three international airports: Heathrow, the largest, connected to the city by underground; Gatwick, south of London, with a frequent train service; Luton, the smallest, used for charter flights.

If you go to England by train or by car you have to cross the Channel. There is a frequent service of steamers and ferryboats which connect the continent to the south-east of England.

People in Britain drive on the left and generally overtake on the right. The speed limit is 30 miles per hour (50 km/h) in towns and cities and 70 m.p.h. (110 km/h) on motorways.

When you are in London you can choose from four different means of transport: bus, train, underground or taxi. The typical bus in London is a red double-decker. The first London bus started running between Paddington and the City in 1829. It carried 40 passengers and cost a shilling for six kms.

The next to arrive were the trains; now there are twelve railway stations in London. The world's first underground line was opened between Baker St. and the City in 1863. Now there are ten underground lines and 273 underground stations in use. The London underground is also called the Tube, because of the circular shape of its deep tunnels. 

1. What is the fastest way of traveling? _____________                [by plane, by ferry-boat]

2. How many airports are there in London?______________                           [Heathrow,Bergamo, Catania, Heathrow, Gatwick, Luton, Rome, Gatwick, Luton]

3. What kind of service helps to cross the Channel?_________                         [steamers and ferryboats, trains or cars, trains or ferryboats] 

4. What does typical bus in London look like?_______________                               [A red double-decker, A hackney or hackney carriage, Red cabs and minicabs]

5. Where was the first underground opened?_______________                                          [between Paddington and the City, between Baker St. and the City, between London city airport and Heathrow]

6. Why is London underground called the Tube?_______________                                   [because of the circular shape, because of the semicircular shape]

Art is an all embracing        (music, painting, theatre, literature and so on) . Art had the most important role in the development of the         . The first were found on walls of ancient       . So we can guess that          was the first way of art. Painting is the most understandable way of art, because it gives us the most full and       impression.

Seneka once said: “All art is bur           of nature” . I don’t agree with him. I think that art has many functions and it’s hard to              the role of art in one’s life. Art has great influence on our       , feelings, forms our moral values. Art       our outlook and enriches our inner world. Art influences greatly the development and of evolution of               of a person and of the mankind. Art makes us       of the sense of life, how people must live, what is ideal of beauty, what is love, - the eternal questions. Art helps us to understand people who lived hundred years     and to learn the history of the mankind. Art creates our notion about beauty and harmony. Art helps people to understand outside world and each other. Art develops our good           .

Art has a great educational significance. Art brings people up - makes them more humane and      . The language of art is           . Everybody, in spite of age, nationality, occupation understands what is said by the painter. Art gives people a possibility to express           and to become famous. But I don’t think that every painter         famous. Only talented, genius people like da Vinci, Raphael and others can create great, eternal art, real              . Art is great only if it has links with people’s lives, interests, ideals. If it hasn’t, it won’t be understood and acknowledged. Real art appeals to           of a man, to his feelings and it proclaims life.

As to the trends of art, I prefer old art. Painting of old masters is one of the greatest treasures mankind has           in the history of its civilisation. The pictures of old painters are in all big museum of the world (for example, the Hermitage, the Tretiakovskaya         and others) . Old painting reflects the collective            of human spiritual life of many centuries, because, as I have already said, painting is the first way of art. As to country schools of painting, I prefer English painting school. My favourite English         is George Romney.

The           isn't painted so exactly. There is a piece of blue-grey sky in the right        of the picture, but on the horizon the        are condensing. The forest behind the lady isn’t green, it is obscure and gloomy. Predominant colour is brown. There is a sharp contrast         lighted up figure and dark landscape. The figure is close to the observer than to the landscape. So the figure doesn’t       with the landscape.

The posture of the lady is very natural. Her eyes are gazed before and upper herself. She is deep in her          .

A flight that is rented or chartered by a group or individual for their exclusive use, rather than being scheduled as part of a regular airline service.

A boat or ship used to transport passengers, vehicles, or cargo across a body of water, typically on a regular, scheduled route.

A steam-powered ship or vessel.