Контроль читання для 11 класу за зразком НМТ / ЗНО ( Reading task ). Семестрова контрольна робота з читання

Read the text. Chose from (А-Ж) the one which best fits each space (1-6).

There are two choices you do not need to use

Tomoko Sawada is the Robert De Niro of Japanese photography. Just as (1) his role in Raging Bull, Sawada put on five kilograms before starting her 2001 self-portrait series based on formal photos used in traditional Japanese match-making. Then each week she visited a photo booth dressed as a different woman.

Adopting a low-calorie diet, Sawada gradually dropped her weight over the course of the project, which (2) .

‘The easiest way to change other people's impression of you is to change your body type,’ she says. The result is a delightfully startling series in which Sawada, 26, appears as thirty different people, from a pig-tailed, docile girl in a green kimono to a stylish modern woman in a black trouser suit.

‘Even though you are the same person, other people's opinion of you changes, (3) , and | wanted to ask why," she says. A chubby girl, Sawada had long felt unattractive and inferior to her thinner friends. She hit a turning point when she started masquerading as different women for an art-school assignment to make self-portraits.

Over three months in 1998 and 1999, she went back a few hundred times to a photo booth outside a subway station in Kobe, where she lives. In this way, she assembled passport photos of herself (4). ‘I may have been trying to prove that what's on the surface doesn't matter and what's inside counts,’ says Sawada.

‘She also did a series in which she imitated girls known as kogyaru, who dress up in short skirts and platform shoes, with dark make-up and blonde hair. ‘Everybody criticized them as a group for looking strange, but ignored what each of them (5),’ she says. ‘In this society, young women are treated as if their only reason for being is their youthful looks, and that fades very quickly.’

In her current series, ‘Costume’, Sawada looks at what people's jobs, (6) , say about their place in society. So far she's disguised herseff as ten different women, including a nun in a habit, a receptionist in a pink uniform and a policewoman.

Read the texts. Match the choises (A-Ж) to the texts (1-6).

There are two choices you do not need to use.

1. Gina can only get to her home by cautiously walking across a narrow wooden plank. She's been living with her partner Tom and 18-month-old daughter Kyra on a 15-metre canal boat for just over a year. Living on a boat is an exercise in making the most of every centimetre of space. ‘It's really hard to keep it tidy’ says Gina. ‘The space is just enough at the moment, but there's no room for stuff you don’t need. And I can't imagine how it’s going to be as Kyra gets bigger! At the moment, Kyra seems to love it, most of all because she's surrounded by ducks!

2. Have you ever thought of getting away from it all - escaping from conventional ways of living? That's exactly what Nick Weston did when he moved out of London, He spent £170 on wood, and built a tree house in West Sussex. Constructing the house was hard. Due to the limited budget, Nick and his friends had to cut down nearby trees to make support posts for the house. Nick managed to live off the land for six months, eating mainly the things that he could grow in his vegetable garden, or find in the countryside. The practical advice on how he did it is an inspiration to anyone considering this way of life.

3. If you'd asked me what kind of property I wanted to buy with an eighteen-month-old and a three-month-old baby, I would have said, ‘something that I can just move straight into’ So why, oh why, did I buy a house that an old lady and her ten cats had just vacated - a house that needed the electrics and central heating replacing as well as a new kitchen and new bathroom? That's not to mention the flooring, decorating, fences, etc. The list goes on and on. But, although it certainly wasn’t what I had in mind when I first started looking, now that we've done all the work, it's absolutely perfect!

4. If you're looking for a cool property to live in, then why not consider a double-decker bus? There's a double bedroom, bathroom, kitchen, lounge and toilet. It also has a 200-litre water tank and has been fully wired by its electrician owner, so there are all the modern-day comforts on board that you'd expect from a normal home, such as a television, a microwave and a coffee machine. The bus is currently located in the town of Horsham, but the beauty of living on a bus is that if you need a change of scenery, you can just start up the engine and drive your property somewhere else. There are plenty of caravan sites in the UK that will be happy to have you on site!

5. It’s easy to see how the so-called ‘shark house’ in Oxford got its name. It was in 1986 that a local journalist, Bill Heine, decided it would be a good idea to have a giant shark installed on the roof of his house. The shark is 7.5 metres long and made of fibreglass. Heine's modest red-brick terraced property soon became a major attraction with many people posting comments and photos of it online. Oxford City Council ordered Heine to remove the shark, saying he did not have the necessary building permission to put it there. However, it is still there today.

6. This home is similar to the traditional Mongolian tent called a yurt. Freddie and Maya Stark wanted to feel more closely connected to nature. The interior of the yurt is dark because the windows are small, and the only heating comes from a central wood-burning stove. ‘We don’t mind the darkness ~ it's cosy - and with the countryside right outside, we see the seasons and the weather change. We can’t imagine living anywhere else’ We asked them whether living together in one small room was a problem. ‘Sometimes; Maya said. ‘But it's easy to get some personal space - by ‘going out for a long walk!’

Read the text. Choose the correct answer for questions.

To many teenagers, their most important relationship is not the one they might have with a boyfriend or girlfriend. It's their relationship with their friends. Indeed, most teenagers prefer to spend more time with their friends than with their family.

But what does friendship mean?

There is a poem in Sanskrit, the classical language of India, which says that friendship must consist of the following elements: giving, taking, sharing secrets, knowing where your friends are, and giving and sharing food with them. This ancient definition seems like a very apt description. Shared interests and opinions are essential. It isn't easy to get on with someone who can't stand your taste in music or fashion.

Most of us have friends - but it's likely that only a few of them can be described as close friends. Robin Dunbar, a British professor of evolutionary psychology, believes that the maximum number of people we can have in our social group at one time is 150. Many of these are casual friends or acquaintances. We don't meet them very often, but we might invite them to a big party, for instance. But - according to Dunbar - we don't normally have more than five close friends.

So who is a best friend? It is someone who's there for you when you're feeling miserable - to give you advice when you want it and to just listen when you need someone to talk to. It might be someone you have known all your life, or someone you've recently met.

It might be someone you only see once a year, but when you do get together it feels like you saw him or her only last week. But can you have a best friend of the opposite sex? In theory, the answer should be yes, but in practice, things can get complicated!

These days, social networking sites offer many opportunities to get to know people online. These are usually people who are into the same things as you are (such as music and films), and can give you advice about the different issues you face. For some people, especially those who aren't so self-assured, making friends online is easier. Online friends aren't going to be as demanding as your friends from the real world might be. Moreover, if you get bored with a conversation online, or if someone's messages are getting on your nerves, you can just ignore them. On the other hand, it may not be realistic to expect your online friends to give you real support when you need it - so a balance of online and real-worid friends is probably ideal!

What does the Sanskrit poem describe?