ЗНО тест 7

READINIG

TASK 1

Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you don't need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

1 _____ _

Fallout 3 . Ideal audience: old-school role-playing gamers and anyone wh o wants to see Washington in ashes. The return of the classic Fallout series is a sprawling re-creation of the Capitol area after a nuclear war. The tone is darker and less slyly humorous than previous Fallout games, but the sheer size and ambitions of the game impress. For Xbo x 360, PS3 and PC. Rating: M for mature.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

2 Grand Theft Auto IV. Ideal audience: well-adjusted adults wh o want to explore a rich, intelligent, politically incorrect digital rendition of Ne w York City. As long as you can accept that a great work of modern entertainment can revolve around criminals - something long assumed in television and films - then it is almost impossible to deny that G.T.A. IV is one of the most compelling games in recent years. For Xbox 360, PS3 and PC. Rating: M for mature.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

3 Gears of War. Ideal audience: testosterone-fuelled core gamers wh o like chain saws. Whe n you think about the stereotypical video game, this is what you'r e thinking about: big guns, voracious alien bad guys, great graphics, huge explosions, cardboard-cutout characters, silly dialogue and cheap thrills all around. Not that there's anything wrong with that. For Xbo x 360. Rating: M for mature.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

4 Fable II. Ideal audience: emotionally mature children and most fans of delicate entertainment design. This game is rated M not because it is especially violent or profane. It is rated M because in between casting spells and swinging swords you can have children, you can get married (and have affairs if you choose), and you can buy condoms. Shocking, I know. For Xbo x 360.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

5 Professor Layout and the Curious Village. Ideal audience: puzzle fans. One of the sleepers of 2008, Professor Layton ties together mor e than 100 beautifully designed brainteasers with an endearing anime-style story. The puzzles themselves are perfectly intelligible to non-gamers. For Nintendo DS. Rating: E for everyone.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

Which video game would you choose if you wanted to_____

A have an experience of tough and rough fight?

В get an exciting experience of building a city in outer space?

C meet cosmic aliens?

D be engaged in brainstorming?

E play a game of stealing a ear?

F take part in a battle with zombies from a spaceship?

G try to scrape through the city ruins?

H practise in building relationships?

TASK 2

Read the text below. For questions (6-10) choose the correct answer (А, В, C, or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

Basketball was invented in Decembe r 1891 by James Naismith, a Canadian clergyman and educator, who then worked as an instructor at the Young Men's Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts. The game appeared in response to the request of Naismith's supervisors to develop a vigorous and interesting form of entertainment suitable for indoor winter play. Naismith and his helpers spent 14 days, piecing together the rules for the game. The game used elements of football, soccer, and hockey, and the first ball used wa s a soccer ball. Originally teams had nine players, by 1897 - 98 teams of five had become standard.

Many US colleges adopted the game between 1893 and 1895. Basketball rapidly spread nationwide and to Canada and other parts of the world; it also became a popular informal outdoor game. U.S. servicemen in World War II popularized the sport in many other countries. The popularity of the game reached new heights in the late 1970s, due largely to the creation of the NBA, its spectacular matches and recognizable stars.

Over the years, the equipment and the rules of the game have been somewhat changed. Nowadays basketball is played and watched world-wide by people of all ages and sexes.

6 The game of basketball appeared because Naismith , .

A was a responsible educator

В had been working it out for years

C had no suitable entertainment in winter

D was asked to create some winter pastime for his pupils 68   [A, B, C, D]

7 The number of a basketball team players

A grew rapidly

В almost doubled

C soon decreased

D became half as big   [A, B, C, D]

8 During the Second World War .

A Americans played basketball all over the world

В basketball became more widespread due to American soldiers

C basketball became a popular informal outdoor game in Canada

D American specialists worked in man y other countries of the world   [A, B, C, D]

9 It can be inferred from the passage that .

A basketball is the most popular indoor game

В the game of basketball is constantly changing

C by now basketball has become quite a different game

D the number of basketball fans grew owing to the NBA   [A, B, C, D]

10 According to the passage all of the following are true EXCEPT _

A Basketball had four peaks of popularity

В The game was developed in about a fortnight

C Basketball was welcomed by educational establishments

D Basketball used to be played with another sport's equipment   [A, B, C, D]

TASK 3

Read the texts below. Match choices (A—H) to (11—16). There are two choices you don't need to use. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

HAVE YOU EVER THOUGHT ABOUT TRAVELING WITH NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC?

Join us and you'll enjoy every minute spent with our thrilling expeditions. Each expedition is accompanied by experts ready to share their knowledge about different cultures and environments.

11 Eduardo Shaw

Eduardo Shaw grew up on the pampa s of Argentina and has lived with his family in northwestern Patagonia for the past 18 years. A former teacher and now a naturalist and lecturer, he is deeply involved in local foundations and community projects that promote sustainable development. Eduardo has led National Geographic Expeditions to Antarctica as well as numerous trips to Patagonia. He looks forward to sharing his knowledge and passion for the region.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

12 BobKrist

National Geographic photographer Bob Krist has shot several articles for National Geographic magazine and mor e than 30 articles for National Geographic Traveler, for which he is a contributing editor. His assignments have taken him to all seven continents, and his images have won awards in the Pictures of the Year, Communication Arts, and World Press Photo competitions. His latest book on travel photography, Travel Photography: Documenting the World's People and Places, wa s recently published in the Digital Masters series.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

13 Peter Hillary

When Peter Hillary first climbed Mount Everest in 1990, he and his father, Sir Edmun d Hillary — wh o made the first ascent in 1953 — became the first father and son to reach the summit. He reached the summit again in 2002 on a National Geographicsponsored ascent later featured in the film Surviving Everest. Peter has completed 4 0 mountaineering expeditions and is deeply involved in assistance programs for the people of the Mount Everest region in Nepal.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

14 Paula Swart

Paula Swart has been a curator of Asian studies for the past 20 years and is currently an adjunct curator at the Museum of Anthropology at the University of British Columbia. He r recent exhibition «Rice is Life» focused on the cultural importance of this staple, particularly in Asia. She specializes in Buddhist art, the history of ceramic trade in Southeast Asia, and maritime archaeology. Paula has published several books on the art and architecture of Asian cultures, and ha s enjoyed introducing visitors to Asian culture and history for mor e than 25 years.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

15 Fiona Dunlop

Travel writer Fiona Dunlop has explored northern Spain extensively, writing numerous articles about its culture and gastronomy. She is the author of the National Geographic Traveler guidebooks for Spain and Portugal as well as Spain Chic and the critically acclaimed book New Tapas, which explores Spain's evolving food culture. Fiona has written more than a dozen guidebooks and food culture books, covering destinations in Asia, Central America , Mexico (Mexican Modern), and North Africa (The North African Kitchen). In addition to living for long periods in France, Italy, and London, her hometown, she has long favored Andalusia, in southern Spain, where she frequently retreats to her house in the olive groves.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

16 Tierney Thys National Geographic Emerging Explorer, Tierney Thys, is a marine biologist and documentary filmmaker whose work explores the breadth of animal diversity from pole to pole and chronicles global environmental change. Tierney is a world authority on the giant ocean sunfish, Mola mola, and has led numerous expeditions worldwide from Africa to Baja, Japan, Indonesia and the Galapagos Islands to study these bizarre jelly-eating behemoths. Tierney has also developed and guided National Geographic student marine biology expeditions in Monterey Bay.   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]

Which of the guides

A specializes in Oriental culture?

В has launched an educational program?

C has traveled all over the world?

D knows a lot about national cuisines?

E used to work at school?

F participates in environmental projects?

G is an experienced alpinist?

H is an underwater world expert?

TASK 4

Read the text below. Choose from (A-H) the one which best fits each space (17—22). There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

The term "clipper" is probably derived from the verb "clip," meaning to move quickly. It wa s given to sleek sailing ships (17)__   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H] . Such ships were called Yankee clippers. The age of the clippers lasted for just a decade, from the late 1840s to the mid 1850s. Nonetheless, (18)   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H].

Prior to the design of the Yankee clipper, England (19)   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H] that had a top speed of three or four knots. However, the long, lean, and beautiful Yankee (20)   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H] . Even when heavily loaded, they could maintain such speeds over long periods of time. It wa s not uncommo n for a clipper ship to average 40 0 miles in a 24-hour period.

Sadly, (21)   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H] . A few, like the Cutty Sark, are now museums. Although some of these tall ships still sail the seas, they are usually not available to the public. One exception is th e Clipper City, (22)   [A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H]. Pan Am's clipper aircraft have been gone for decades. But if you want to sail on a sleek clipper ship, you can charter the Clipper City at its home port in Chesapeake Bay, Virginia.

A most of the sleek clipper ships have long since gone

В ruled the seas with heavily armed merchant ships

C clippers could travel at 20 knots or more

D traveled a long distance b y sea

E known for their beauty and speed

F a wonderful voyage across the ocean

G a perfect replica of the original clipper

H they had a profound impact on world trade

TASK 5

Read and complete the text below. For each of the empty spaces (23—32) choose the correct answer (A, В, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

Zebras are not -the only (23)                [A individuals, В souls, C characters, D creatures] that use camouflage. A white polar bear blends in with the snow, while animals that live in the desert are often yellowish or tan so that they blend in with the desert (24)                 [A environment, В medium, C conditions, D setting].

However, snow, desert, forest, and mountains are not striped. So why do some animals, such as the zebra, have stripes? For years scientists have (25)             [A insisted, В argued, c spoken, D heard]about the reason for striped animals. Today there are two prevalent theories.

The more (26)               [A delightful, В normal, c accepted, D adequate]theory suggests that a striped or spotted animal mimics light filtering through the trees or high grass and thus is camouflaged.

Another theory suggests that a black-and-white color scheme is an effective warning device, much like stripes on a railroad crossing gate. Stripes are not (27)            [A seldom, в unique, c common, D general]on mammals but are also (28)           [A found, в placed, c met, D put] on birds, reptiles, and insects. Stripes on a polecat, a marbled salamander, a pied kingfisher, and a carabid beetle war n predators that the striped creature is dangerous or inedible. A biologist (29)               [A took, в developed, c found, D did] an experiment in which cats and hornets were (30)              [A suggested, в told, c allowed, D let] to taste the flesh of 38 different types of birds. The "least edible" rating was (31)                [A given, в offered, c moved, D transmitted] , to the only three birds that were black and white.

Although scientists still do not completely agree on wh y some animals are striped, one fact they all agree on: a zebra is a(n) (32)               [A awfully, в terribly, c radically, D strikingly]beautiful animal.

TASK 6

Read the texts below. For each of the empty spaces (33—42) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

WHERE DID THE BEARDED FIGURE UNCLE SAM COME FROM?

Sam Wilson was a meat packer wh o supplied (33)                     [A preserving, В preserve, C preserved, D being preserved] beef to the U.S. Army in the nineteenth century. The barrels of mea t were stamped "U.S. " (34)               [A to indicate, В indicated, C indicate, D indicates] they were property of (35)        [A a, В the, C an, D -] United States, but the soldiers (36)               [A were joked, в have joked, c hadjoked, D joked]that the initials were actually those of the supplier, "Uncle Sam" Wilson. The bearded figure of "Uncle Sam" wa s drawn and introduced by Thoma s Nast, the same cartoonist wh o created the (37)                  [A Republicans', в Republican's, c Republican, D Republicans] elephant.

THANKSGIVING

Thanksgiving is celebrated in the US on the fourth Thursday in November. For many Americans it is (38)             [A most, В more, C the most, D much more]important holiday apart from Christmas. Schools, offices and most businesses close for Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first came to North America. In 1620 the ship the Mayflower arrived, (39)                 [A brought, В had brought, C bringing, D was bringing]about 150 people who today are usually called Pilgrims. They arrived at the beginning of a very hard winter and could not find enough to eat. But in the following summe r Native Americans showed them what foods were safe to eat, (40)          [A so, В before, c after, D since] that they could save food for the next winter. They held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact that they (41)                   [A survived, В had survived, C were survived, D have survived]. Today people celebrate Thanksgiving (42)               [A remember, B to remember, c remembered, D remembers] these early days.