Reading

Read the text carefully, be ready to do the tasks.

The Internet and Information Revolution

In 1969, the US Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency needed a system for computers 'to talk' to each other via the telephone. They created a network of computers called DARPANET. In 1984, the US National Science Foundation started the NSNET network, a system of five supercomputer centres.

More and more people and agencies wanted to join the network. NSNET became known as the Inter-Net- Network. People started calling it the Internet.

Today, there are millions of computers all over the world which are connected to the Internet.

The World Wide Web is the most popular area of the Internet. The Web is a huge collection of documents, from all over the world. It contains a mixture of texts, images and sounds.

The Internet is a source of information that is accessible through a computer. It consists of millions of pages of data about every possible subject. Twenty-five million people surf the Internet every day. The Internet is already the biggest source of information of the planet. It will soon be the main source of material for students and teachers of many different subjects.

To access the Internet, you need a service provider, a company which can bring the Internet to your computer screen. Then you can access the information via your telephone line.

If your have the website address of a company or service that you want, you simply type it and you arrive automatically at the page you want. If you haven't got a particular website address, there are several directories or search engines which can help you, such as Alta Vista, Yahoo! or Infoseek. There are then two ways to find information-directories and key-word searches.

Choose the correct variant.

1. What is exactly the Internet?   [a, b, c, d]

A. a system of five supercomputer centres

B. a system of four supercomputer centres

G. a system of six supercomputer centers

D. a system of six supercomputer centers,

2. What kind of information can you find there?   [a, b, c, d]

A. It consists of very specific information,

B. It consists of millions of pages of data about every possible subject.

C. It consists of hundreds of pages of data.

D. It consists of a few of pages of data.

3. How can you access the information?   [a, b, c, d]

A. You can access the information via your TV set.

B. You can access the information via your radio phone.

C. You can access the information via your telephone line.

D. You can access the information via sputnik.

4. In what country did the Internet start?   [a, b, c, d]

A. in Great Britain

B. in the USA

C. in France

D. in Spain

5. What was the original purpose?   [a, b, c, d]

A. the US Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency needed a system for. computers to talk to each other via the telephone

B. US National Science Foundation needed a system for computers “to. talk’ for each other via the telephone

C. The NASA needed a system for computers “to talk” to each other via sputniks.

D. The US Military Service needed a system for computers “to talk” to each other via mobile phone.

6. When did NSF start the NSNET network?   [a, b, c, d]

A. in 1989.

B. in 1987

C. in 1980

D. in 1984

7. What is called WWW?   [a, b, c, d]

A. World Wide Web

B. World Wide Word

C World War Web

D. World Web War

8. What does the Web contain?   [a, b, c, d]

A. The Web contains the coded information.

B. The Web contains a mixture of texts, images and sounds.

C. The Web contains the whole library.

D. The Web contains music.

9. How many people surf the Internet everyday?   [a, b, c, d]

A. twenty million people

B. twenty-five million people

C. thirty million people

D. thirty-five million people

10. Who is called a service provider?   [a, b, c, d]

A. a company which can bring the Internet to your computer screen

B. an international firm which accesses the Internet

C. a local company which serves your computer

D. an international company which serves your computer

Mark if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

1. The Internet is a source of information that is accessible through a cable. avi   [T, F]

2. You can access the Internet without a service provider.   [T, F]

3. The first network of computers was called DARPANET.   [T, F]

4. You can’t do a key-word search without knowing website address.   [T, F]

5. The Internet consists of million of pages: of data about different subjects.   [T, F]

6. More and more ‘people and agencies wanted to join the network.   [T, F]

7. The World Wide Web is the most popular area of the Internet.   [T, F]

8. The Internet is a source of information.   [T, F]

9. The Web is a small collection of documents from all over the world.   [T, F]

10. There are several directories or search engines which can help you.   [T, F]

Mark what words refer to computers (A) and what words don’t (B).

1. mobile telephone   [A, B]

2. CD-ROMs   [A, B]

3. to surf   [A, B]

4. producer   [A, B]

5. a service provider   [A, B]

6. key-word search   [A, B]

7. email   [A, B]

8. screened version   [A, B]

9. website   [A, B]

10. camera   [A, B]

Read the text carefully, be ready to do the tasks.

Popular Music

Popular music is music created as a commercial product. It is usually distinguished from classical music and from folk music. Classical music is written chiefly for concerts, operas, and ballets. Folk music is the traditional music of a particular group or community of people, such as an occupational, ethnic, or regional group. Folk music is usually learned by listening to another person rather than by reading music. There are many different styles of popular music in the United States, including bluegrass, blues, country, gospel, jazz, musical comedy, rap, reggae, and rock. In some cases, the categories of popular, folk, and classical music overlap. For example, jazz and country music evolved out of folk traditions. Some styles, such as blues and bluegrass, exist both as popular music and as folk music. Such classical composers as Leonard Bernstein and Louis Moreau Gottschalk have written pieces in the style of popular music. Although much popular music expresses sentiments of love, other popular songs serve as a vehicle for social commentary. Popular music is frequently thought to have meaning only for the time in which it was created. However, many popular songs have endured for decades.

Mark if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

1. Popular music is music created as a commercial product.   [T, F]

2. Classical music is written for operas and ballet.   [T, F]

3. Folk music is the serious music of a particular group or community of people.   [T, F]

4. Folk music is usually leant by hearing of another person rather than by writing music.   [T, F]

5. Some styles exist both as popular and as folk music.   [T, F]

6. Some popular songs serve as a vehicle for social commentary.   [T, F]

7. Popular music exists for ever.   [T, F]

8. However, many popular songs have endured for decades.   [T, F]

9. Popular music is rarely thought to have meaning only for the time in which it was created.   [T, F]

10. In some cases the categories of popular, folk and classical music overlap.   [T, F]

Choose the correct variant.

1. Popular music is music created as ...   [a, b, c, d]

A. mass culture

B. a vehicle for racial commentary

C. a commercial product

D. a means of relaxation

2. Classical music is written chiefly for…   [a, b, c, d]

A. special listeners

B. operas and ballets

C. ignoramuses

D. pleasure

3. Folk music is (the) ...   [a, b, c, d]

A. traditional music of a particular group of people

B. central to the youth culture

C. for dancing in particular

D. for singing in particular

4. In some cases, the categories of popular, folk and classical music ....   [a, b, c, d]

A. overlap

B. do not overlap

C amplify

D. do not amplify

5. Some styles, such as ....exist both as popular and as folk music.   [a, b, c, d]

A. rock and gospel

B. musical comedy and country

C. reggae and rap !

D. blues and bluegrass

Match the international words to their definitions.