Prepare 8. Units 11-12. Діагностувальна робота. ГР3 (reading)

THE MEDICINE MAKERS

A
In the first half of the 20^th century, a terrible virus spread across America. It was called polio, and it was mainly a disease that children caught. Many died, and others could never walk again. In the early 1950s, Dr Jonas Salk, an American scientist, developed a special kind of injection to protect people from getting the disease. He needed to show that the medicine was safe, so in 1953, he gave it to himself, his wife and his three young sons. The following year, millions of children across the world got it, too. Dr Salk never tried to make any money from his medicine. In 1963, he opened the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, a place where scientists could do research into new kinds of medicine ‘for the benefit of all’.

B
Youyou Tu, who was born in China in 1930, was interested in traditional Chinese medicine and modern Western medicine. In 1969 she and her team began studying ways of treating malaria, a disease caused by mosquitoes. After reading an ancient Chinese book, she began to do experiments on a plant called wormwood, and she developed a new medicine. She wanted to know if it was safe, so she took it herself. She was fine, so she then gave it to 21 patients who were suffering from malaria, and they all improved. In 2015, she won the Nobel Prize, and she is happy that she has saved so many lives. As she says, ‘every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world.’

C
Edward Jenner was a country doctor at a time when smallpox was common – this was a serious disease that killed many people. There was also a similar disease called cowpox, which people often got from working with cows. This was much less serious, and country people believed that catching cowpox stopped you from catching smallpox. In 1796, Jenner decided to test this idea on James Phipps, the eight-year-old son of his gardener. First, he gave the boy cowpox; a few days later, he tried to give the boy smallpox but the boy did not catch it. Jenner saved thousands of people from smallpox – and they say that Jenner’s discovery has saved more lives than anyone else in history.

Dr Salk’s children were unable to walk.

THE MEDICINE MAKERS

A
In the first half of the 20^th century, a terrible virus spread across America. It was called polio, and it was mainly a disease that children caught. Many died, and others could never walk again. In the early 1950s, Dr Jonas Salk, an American scientist, developed a special kind of injection to protect people from getting the disease. He needed to show that the medicine was safe, so in 1953, he gave it to himself, his wife and his three young sons. The following year, millions of children across the world got it, too. Dr Salk never tried to make any money from his medicine. In 1963, he opened the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, a place where scientists could do research into new kinds of medicine ‘for the benefit of all’.

B
Youyou Tu, who was born in China in 1930, was interested in traditional Chinese medicine and modern Western medicine. In 1969 she and her team began studying ways of treating malaria, a disease caused by mosquitoes. After reading an ancient Chinese book, she began to do experiments on a plant called wormwood, and she developed a new medicine. She wanted to know if it was safe, so she took it herself. She was fine, so she then gave it to 21 patients who were suffering from malaria, and they all improved. In 2015, she won the Nobel Prize, and she is happy that she has saved so many lives. As she says, ‘every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world.’

C
Edward Jenner was a country doctor at a time when smallpox was common – this was a serious disease that killed many people. There was also a similar disease called cowpox, which people often got from working with cows. This was much less serious, and country people believed that catching cowpox stopped you from catching smallpox. In 1796, Jenner decided to test this idea on James Phipps, the eight-year-old son of his gardener. First, he gave the boy cowpox; a few days later, he tried to give the boy smallpox but the boy did not catch it. Jenner saved thousands of people from smallpox – and they say that Jenner’s discovery has saved more lives than anyone else in history.

Dr Salk’s discovery was used in many countries.

THE MEDICINE MAKERS

A
In the first half of the 20^th century, a terrible virus spread across America. It was called polio, and it was mainly a disease that children caught. Many died, and others could never walk again. In the early 1950s, Dr Jonas Salk, an American scientist, developed a special kind of injection to protect people from getting the disease. He needed to show that the medicine was safe, so in 1953, he gave it to himself, his wife and his three young sons. The following year, millions of children across the world got it, too. Dr Salk never tried to make any money from his medicine. In 1963, he opened the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, a place where scientists could do research into new kinds of medicine ‘for the benefit of all’.

B
Youyou Tu, who was born in China in 1930, was interested in traditional Chinese medicine and modern Western medicine. In 1969 she and her team began studying ways of treating malaria, a disease caused by mosquitoes. After reading an ancient Chinese book, she began to do experiments on a plant called wormwood, and she developed a new medicine. She wanted to know if it was safe, so she took it herself. She was fine, so she then gave it to 21 patients who were suffering from malaria, and they all improved. In 2015, she won the Nobel Prize, and she is happy that she has saved so many lives. As she says, ‘every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world.’

C
Edward Jenner was a country doctor at a time when smallpox was common – this was a serious disease that killed many people. There was also a similar disease called cowpox, which people often got from working with cows. This was much less serious, and country people believed that catching cowpox stopped you from catching smallpox. In 1796, Jenner decided to test this idea on James Phipps, the eight-year-old son of his gardener. First, he gave the boy cowpox; a few days later, he tried to give the boy smallpox but the boy did not catch it. Jenner saved thousands of people from smallpox – and they say that Jenner’s discovery has saved more lives than anyone else in history.

Youyou Tu worked with other scientists