НМТ Англійська 26

READING

Task 1

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1-6). There are two extra choices

.1 The University of Bologna: Founded in 1088, the most ancient educational establishment in Europe.

Which university...?

2. Stanford University: Heart of Silicon Valley has ties to high-tech industry.

Which university...?

3. Oxford University: Person-centered tutorial system with weekly expert meetings.

Which university...?

4. Sorbonne University: Historic Paris institution, leader in humanities.

5. MIT: Global leader in science and engineering research, Massachusetts.

6.University of Tokyo: Japan's most prestigious university, rigorous entrance exams.

Which university...?

Task 2

Read the text below. For questions (6–10) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

The Paradox of Choice In 2000, psychologists Sheena Iyengar and Mark Lepper published a study known as the "Jam Study." They set up a display of gourmet jams in a high-end supermarket. In one scenario, they offered 24 varieties; in another, only six. While the larger display attracted more customers, the smaller one resulted in ten times more actual purchases. This phenomenon, dubbed "the paradox of choice," suggests that while we believe more options lead to greater freedom, they often result in "decision paralysis" and decreased satisfaction.

In the modern digital era, this paradox is amplified. From dating apps with thousands of profiles to streaming services with endless libraries, the pressure to make the "optimal" choice is overwhelming. According to Barry Schwartz, people can be divided into "maximizers" and "satisficers." Maximizers are determined to find the absolute best option, leading them to spend hours researching. However, even when they find a great result, they often feel regret, wondering if another choice would have been better. On the other hand, satisficers have a set of criteria and choose the first option that meets them. They are generally happier because they don't dwell on the "what-ifs."

7. What was the primary finding of the 'Jam Study'?

Task 2

Read the text below. For questions (6–10) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

The Paradox of Choice In 2000, psychologists Sheena Iyengar and Mark Lepper published a study known as the "Jam Study." They set up a display of gourmet jams in a high-end supermarket. In one scenario, they offered 24 varieties; in another, only six. While the larger display attracted more customers, the smaller one resulted in ten times more actual purchases. This phenomenon, dubbed "the paradox of choice," suggests that while we believe more options lead to greater freedom, they often result in "decision paralysis" and decreased satisfaction.

In the modern digital era, this paradox is amplified. From dating apps with thousands of profiles to streaming services with endless libraries, the pressure to make the "optimal" choice is overwhelming. According to Barry Schwartz, people can be divided into "maximizers" and "satisficers." Maximizers are determined to find the absolute best option, leading them to spend hours researching. However, even when they find a great result, they often feel regret, wondering if another choice would have been better. On the other hand, satisficers have a set of criteria and choose the first option that meets them. They are generally happier because they don't dwell on the "what-ifs."

8. How does the author describe 'decision paralysis'?

Task 2

Read the text below. For questions (6–10) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

The Paradox of Choice In 2000, psychologists Sheena Iyengar and Mark Lepper published a study known as the "Jam Study." They set up a display of gourmet jams in a high-end supermarket. In one scenario, they offered 24 varieties; in another, only six. While the larger display attracted more customers, the smaller one resulted in ten times more actual purchases. This phenomenon, dubbed "the paradox of choice," suggests that while we believe more options lead to greater freedom, they often result in "decision paralysis" and decreased satisfaction.

In the modern digital era, this paradox is amplified. From dating apps with thousands of profiles to streaming services with endless libraries, the pressure to make the "optimal" choice is overwhelming. According to Barry Schwartz, people can be divided into "maximizers" and "satisficers." Maximizers are determined to find the absolute best option, leading them to spend hours researching. However, even when they find a great result, they often feel regret, wondering if another choice would have been better. On the other hand, satisficers have a set of criteria and choose the first option that meets them. They are generally happier because they don't dwell on the "what-ifs."

9. According to Barry Schwartz, 'maximizers' are people who...

Task 2

Read the text below. For questions (6–10) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

The Paradox of Choice In 2000, psychologists Sheena Iyengar and Mark Lepper published a study known as the "Jam Study." They set up a display of gourmet jams in a high-end supermarket. In one scenario, they offered 24 varieties; in another, only six. While the larger display attracted more customers, the smaller one resulted in ten times more actual purchases. This phenomenon, dubbed "the paradox of choice," suggests that while we believe more options lead to greater freedom, they often result in "decision paralysis" and decreased satisfaction.

In the modern digital era, this paradox is amplified. From dating apps with thousands of profiles to streaming services with endless libraries, the pressure to make the "optimal" choice is overwhelming. According to Barry Schwartz, people can be divided into "maximizers" and "satisficers." Maximizers are determined to find the absolute best option, leading them to spend hours researching. However, even when they find a great result, they often feel regret, wondering if another choice would have been better. On the other hand, satisficers have a set of criteria and choose the first option that meets them. They are generally happier because they don't dwell on the "what-ifs."

10. What is the main difference between 'maximizers' and 'satisficers'?

Task 2

Read the text below. For questions (6–10) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

The Paradox of Choice In 2000, psychologists Sheena Iyengar and Mark Lepper published a study known as the "Jam Study." They set up a display of gourmet jams in a high-end supermarket. In one scenario, they offered 24 varieties; in another, only six. While the larger display attracted more customers, the smaller one resulted in ten times more actual purchases. This phenomenon, dubbed "the paradox of choice," suggests that while we believe more options lead to greater freedom, they often result in "decision paralysis" and decreased satisfaction.

In the modern digital era, this paradox is amplified. From dating apps with thousands of profiles to streaming services with endless libraries, the pressure to make the "optimal" choice is overwhelming. According to Barry Schwartz, people can be divided into "maximizers" and "satisficers." Maximizers are determined to find the absolute best option, leading them to spend hours researching. However, even when they find a great result, they often feel regret, wondering if another choice would have been better. On the other hand, satisficers have a set of criteria and choose the first option that meets them. They are generally happier because they don't dwell on the "what-ifs."

11. What solution does the text suggest for dealing with too much choice?

Task 3

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

12. The Vertical Forest (Milan) This architectural marvel consists of two residential towers wrapped in over 800 trees and 15,000 perennials. The project aims to improve air quality by filtering dust particles and absorbing CO2, while also regulating indoor temperatures. It serves as a biological habitat for birds and insects, effectively reintroducing nature into the heart of a concrete jungle without consuming extra horizontal space.

Task 3

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

13. The High Line (New York) What was once an abandoned elevated railway has been repurposed into a sophisticated linear park. Spanning 1.5 miles, it features native plants, art installations, and performance spaces. It has sparked a massive wave of economic revitalization in the surrounding districts, proving that industrial relics can be transformed into high-end social hubs rather than being demolished.

Task 3

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

14. The Library of 100 Languages (Stockholm) This experimental educational space focuses on early childhood development through linguistic diversity. It provides interactive zones where children interact with literature and digital media in dozens of languages simultaneously. The goal is to foster global citizenship from a young age, ensuring that the next generation sees diversity as a natural state of being rather than a barrier.

What...

Task 3

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three choices you do not need to use

.15. The Smart Grid Initiative (Seoul) A district-wide pilot program that uses artificial intelligence to manage energy consumption in real-time. Smart sensors in every building communicate with the central grid to redistribute surplus electricity where it is most needed. Residents can track their carbon footprint via an app, turning energy efficiency into a competitive social game with financial rewards for the most "green" households.

Task 3

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

16. The Underground Gallery (London) Located in a series of decommissioned WWII bunkers, this space offers a unique acoustic and visual environment for avant-garde artists. The thick concrete walls provide perfect isolation for loud sound installations, while the historical weight of the location adds a layer of depth to the exhibitions. It is accessible only through a hidden elevator in a local cafe.

Task 4

Read the text below. Choose the correct phrases (A–H) to fill in the gaps.

The Future of Work The concept of the traditional 9-to-5 office job is changing rapidly. With the rise of digital technology, more people are choosing to work remotely, (17) ____. This shift has been accelerated by recent global events (18) __. Experts suggest that in the future, many companies will adopt a "hybrid" model (19) __. While remote work offers flexibility, it also presents challenges, such as (20) __. Workers must learn to manage their time effectively (21) __. Despite these difficulties, the trend seems permanent, (22) ____.

Task 4

Read the text below. Choose the correct phrases (A–H) to fill in the gaps.

The Future of Work The concept of the traditional 9-to-5 office job is changing rapidly. With the rise of digital technology, more people are choosing to work remotely, (17) __. This shift has been accelerated by recent global events (18)__ . Experts suggest that in the future, many companies will adopt a "hybrid" model (19)__ . While remote work offers flexibility, it also presents challenges, such as (20) . Workers must learn to manage their time effectively (21) . Despite these difficulties, the trend seems permanent, (22) __.

Task 4

Read the text below. Choose the correct phrases (A–H) to fill in the gaps.

The Future of Work The concept of the traditional 9-to-5 office job is changing rapidly. With the rise of digital technology, more people are choosing to work remotely, (17) __. This shift has been accelerated by recent global events (18)__ . Experts suggest that in the future, many companies will adopt a "hybrid" model (19)__ . While remote work offers flexibility, it also presents challenges, such as (20) . Workers must learn to manage their time effectively (21) . Despite these difficulties, the trend seems permanent, (22) __.

Task 4

Read the text below. Choose the correct phrases (A–H) to fill in the gaps.

The Future of Work The concept of the traditional 9-to-5 office job is changing rapidly. With the rise of digital technology, more people are choosing to work remotely, (17) . This shift has been accelerated by recent global events (18) . Experts suggest that in the future, many companies will adopt a "hybrid" model (19)__ . While remote work offers flexibility, it also presents challenges, such as (20__) . Workers must learn to manage their time effectively (21) . Despite these difficulties, the trend seems permanent, (22) __.

Task 4

Read the text below. Choose the correct phrases (A–H) to fill in the gaps.

The Future of Work The concept of the traditional 9-to-5 office job is changing rapidly. With the rise of digital technology, more people are choosing to work remotely, (17__) . This shift has been accelerated by recent global events (18) . Experts suggest that in the future, many companies will adopt a "hybrid" model, (19) . While remote work offers flexibility, it also presents challenges, such as (20) . Workers must learn to manage their time effectively (21)__ . Despite these difficulties, the trend seems permanent, (22) __.

Task 4

Read the text below. Choose the correct phrases (A–H) to fill in the gaps.

The Future of Work The concept of the traditional 9-to-5 office job is changing rapidly. With the rise of digital technology, more people are choosing to work remotely, (17__) . This shift has been accelerated by recent global events (18) . Experts suggest that in the future, many companies will adopt a "hybrid" model, (19) . While remote work offers flexibility, it also presents challenges, such as (20) . Workers must learn to manage their time effectively (21)__ . Despite these difficulties, the trend seems permanent, (22) __.

USE OF ENGLISH

Task 5

Read the text below. For questions (23–27) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

Atomic habits are small changes that can (23) ______ to massive results over time. Most people fail to achieve their goals because they focus on the outcome rather than the (24) ____. If you want to (25) ____ a new habit, such as reading every night, you should make it as easy as possible. This (26) ____ a visual cue. Over time, the action becomes (27) ______, and you no longer need to rely on willpower.

USE OF ENGLISH

Task 5

Read the text below. For questions (23–27) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

Atomic habits are small changes that can (23) ______ to massive results over time. Most people fail to achieve their goals because they focus on the outcome rather than the (24) ____. If you want to (25) ____ a new habit, such as reading every night, you should make it as easy as possible. This (26) ____ a visual cue. Over time, the action becomes (27) ______, and you no longer need to rely on willpower.

USE OF ENGLISH

Task 5

Read the text below. For questions (23–27) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

Atomic habits are small changes that can (23) ______ to massive results over time. Most people fail to achieve their goals because they focus on the outcome rather than the (24) ____. If you want to (25) ____ a new habit, such as reading every night, you should make it as easy as possible. This (26) ____ a visual cue. Over time, the action becomes (27) ______, and you no longer need to rely on willpower.

USE OF ENGLISH

Task 5

Read the text below. For questions (23–27) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).Atomic habits are small changes that can (23) ______ to massive results over time. Most people fail to achieve their goals because they focus on the outcome rather than the (24) ____. If you want to (25) ____ a new habit, such as reading every night, you should make it as easy as possible. This (26) ____ a visual cue. Over time, the action becomes (27) ______, and you no longer need to rely on willpower.

USE OF ENGLISH

Task 5

Read the text below. For questions (23–27) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

Atomic habits are small changes that can (23) ______ to massive results over time. Most people fail to achieve their goals because they focus on the outcome rather than the (24) ____. If you want to (25) ____ a new habit, such as reading every night, you should make it as easy as possible. This (26) ____ a visual cue. Over time, the action becomes (27) ______, and you no longer need to rely on willpower.

Task 6

Read the text below. For questions (28–32) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

Humanity (28) ______ about visiting Mars for decades. However, the journey is incredibly difficult. If a spacecraft (29) ____ to Mars today, it would take about seven months. By the end of this century, it is possible that the first human colony (30) ____ on the Red Planet. If the government (31) ____ more into renewable energy last decade, we wouldn't be facing this crisis now. Finally, astronauts have to get used (32) ______ in zero gravity.

Task 6

Humanity (28) ______ about visiting Mars for decades. However, the journey is incredibly difficult. If a spacecraft (29) ____ to Mars today, it would take about seven months. By the end of this century, it is possible that the first human colony (30) ____ on the Red Planet. If the government (31) ____ more into renewable energy last decade, we wouldn't be facing this crisis now. Finally, astronauts have to get used (32) ______ in zero gravity.

Read the text below. For questions (28–32) choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

Task 6

Humanity (28) ______ about visiting Mars for decades. However, the journey is incredibly difficult. If a spacecraft (29) ____ to Mars today, it would take about seven months. By the end of this century, it is possible that the first human colony (30) ____ on the Red Planet. If the government (31) ____ more into renewable energy last decade, we wouldn't be facing this crisis now. Finally, astronauts have to get used (32) ______ in zero gravity.

Task 6

Humanity (28) ______ about visiting Mars for decades. However, the journey is incredibly difficult. If a spacecraft (29) ____ to Mars today, it would take about seven months. By the end of this century, it is possible that the first human colony (30) ____ on the Red Planet. If the government had invested (31)____ into renewable energy last decade, we wouldn't be facing this crisis now. Finally, astronauts have to get used (32) ______ in zero gravity.

Task 6

Humanity (28) ______ about visiting Mars for decades. However, the journey is incredibly difficult. If a spacecraft (29) ____ to Mars today, it would take about seven months. By the end of this century, it is possible that the first human colony (30) ____ on the Red Planet. If the government (31) ____ more into renewable energy last decade, we wouldn't be facing this crisis now. Finally, astronauts have to get used (32) ______ in zero gravity.