(Копія) (Копія) Listening 11

8. Why did Karen become interested in photography?   [A, B, C]

A She thought she could earn money from it

B Her father encouraged her to do it

C She was keen on all forms of art

9. What kind of professional photography does Karen find the most difficult?   [A, B, C]

A weddings

B advertising

C sports

10. What does Karen spend most time doing?   [A, B, C]

A taking pictures

B using her computer

C organising the business

11. What does Karen enjoy most?   [A, B, C]

A pleasing her customers

B travelling to new places

C getting her work in magazines

12.Karen thinks that photographers' websites should ...   [A, B, C]

A have a simple design.

B provide detailed information.

C show the latest photos.

13.What advice does Karen give to young photographers?   [A, B, C]

A Join a photography club.

Take photos as often as you can.

C Find out what people think of your pictures.

14 Jim helps more now with the housework than he did in the past.       [True, False]

15 Liz and Jim agree that their father should do more housework.       [True, False]

16 Liz thinks her mother spends too much time ironing.       [True, False]

17 Liz feels that dishwashers save a lot of time.       [True, False]

18 They both dislike cleaning the fringe.       [True, False]

19 Jim likes to keep his bedroom tidy.       [True, False]

Прочитайте текст, оберіть правильний заголовок.

Many of us know people who hardly ever seem to fail even if their chances of success are low. They do little revision before an exam and get questions just about what they have studied. Or, they go to a job interview and get the job although they are not the best candidates. Fortune always seems to smile on them.

Оберіть правильний заголовок

As time passes, the lucky ones begin to notice their good luck. They become more confident and are not afraid to take risks. As they decide to take up more challenges, their confidence grows, even if they do fail at times.

Оберіть правильний заголовок

This is because people who consider themselves to be lucky tend to remember fortunate events and try to forget the times when they failed. This is common and completely normal as that way people build their self-esteem and focus on pleasant memories.

Оберіть правильний заголовок

However, most people do not like to think that they are simply born fortunate and they would not succeed without their good luck. Studies have shown that a lot of those lucky people come to believe that they owe their success to their own talents and abilities rather than just luck.

Оберіть правильний заголовок

Not surprisingly, those who think of themselves as the lucky ones are optimists. They believe that their luck will continue in their lives. They hardly ever waste time worrying about any difficulties that life might bring and even if it does, they are sure to deal with them successfully.

Read the text and choose the best answer

Vacuum Travel

The idea of teleportation has been around for a long time but has so far remained the subject of science-fiction novels and films like Star Trek. However, that could all be about to change with the introduction of vacuum trains. These futuristic transporters, designed to be catapulted through tunnels that have had the air removed from them, could theoretically reach speeds of up to 4,000 km/h and cross the Atlantic from Europe to North America in just one hour. In this high-speed future train, passengers would actually arrive four hours before they left.

The history of vacuum trains stretches back at least 100 years, when American engineer Robert Goddard designed prototypes for rapid transport systems to connect American cities based on his own design of the world's first liquid-fuelled rocket. The idea behind the vacuum train is to pump all of the air out of a sealed tunnel and then propel trains through it. Today’s trains push a wall of air ahead of them when moving through a tunnel. They also create an area of lower pressure behind them which acts to almost pull the train back. This uses energy and limits the speed of the train – the faster they go, the higher the air resistance and friction, so the more energy used. By removing the air from the tunnel, you remove the problem. Unfortunately, to do this you would have to have huge powerful pumps every 20 or 30 km to keep a near vacuum in the tube and the train would have to pass through a series of airlocks that progressively reduce the pressure before it could accelerate to top speed.

The high cost of a vacuum train system means that it has never been commercialised. Today, however, there is hope that by combining vacuum technology and the already existing magnetic levitation technology, a cost-effective system could be developed. Several systems that combine these two technologies have been proposed. One of the most feasible proposals is that of American engineer Daryl Oster who says that our train technology is over 100 years old and in need of upgrading. His futuristic design consists of a six-person capsule, roughly the size of a car, which is shot along a 1.5m diameter vacuum tube. He believes we could be using such trains in less than 10 years. But his theory is not just restricted to travel between cities or countries. Dr James Powell, the co-inventor of maglev technology, also proposes a system called Startram that uses a maglev vacuum train to launch objects into space. If this technology takes off, we could also be getting closer to cheap space travel.

Up until very recently, the concept of teleportation   [A, B, C, D]

A has only been a feature of science fiction.

B had been a complete failure.

C has never been applied fully.

D has not been developed.

Vacuum trains would be faster because of   [A, B, C, D]

A better design.

B less air resistance.

C lower pressure.

D rocket technology.

In the last sentence of the second paragraph, ‘this’ refers to   [A, B, C, D]

A air resistance.

B using energy.

C removing air.

D the problem.

Daryl Oster based his design of a vacuum train on   [A, B, C, D]

A one of his earlier designs.

B one featured in a science-fiction film.

C a rocket.

D a contemporary train.

The writer   [A, B, C, D]

A is hopeful this technology will work.

B is doubtful this technology will ever work.

C doesn’t express his opinion.

D is certain vacuum trains will be in service in 10 years.