Іноземна мова (англійська) 3 курс 2024

Read the texts below. Match choices (A – H) to (1 – 6). There are two choices you do not need to use. Confirm your choices.

The world’s weirdest museums

1. Museum of Jurassic Technology, Los Angeles

No one really knows why the Museum of Jurassic Technology has ‘Jurassic’ in the name, because no one really knows much about it at all. And that’s exactly how it’s supposed to be. Throughout its narrow, dimly lit halls, you’ll find cabinets of curiosities, containing everything from mini models of Napoleon and Daffy Duck to oil portraits of the Soviet space programme dogs. It’s rather baffling and chaotic – but all the more wonderful for it.

Which museum _______

The world’s weirdest museums

2. Cup Noodles Museum Osaka Ikeda, Japan

Osaka, the origin city of cup noodles, houses one of the weirdest museums in the world. There are various attractions and exhibits inside the museum which will provide a visitor with an in-depth knowledge of these famous noodles. There's a tunnel with a lineup of over 800 product packages showing the evolution of a single product into a global dietary culture in a span of half a century. Witness the entire process of making cup noodles, right from scratch in the Cup Noodles Factory. You can also make your own noodles along with its packaging and choose from a wide selection of cups too.

Which museum _______

The world’s weirdest museums

3. British Lawnmower Museum, England

Round up the neighborhood fathers, it’s time for a field trip!

What some might consider an icon of the worst aspect of suburbia is cherished at the British Lawnmower Museum, which details the history of the push-powered garden tool.

Want to see the first solar-powered robot grass-chopper, or the original mower itself, transformed from a contraption used to hem guards’ uniforms? This museum is for you.

From royal lawnmowers belonging to Prince Charles and Princess Diana, to the world’s most expensive lawnmowers, this place allows everyone to at least talk up appearances even if you can’t keep them.

Which museum _______

The world’s weirdest museums

4. The Bread Museum, Germany

This museum will get a rise out of you.

While the Museum of Bread Culture may not be as popular as its sliced namesake, it’s certainly an interesting examination of the ends of every sandwich.

More than 18,000 exhibits depict everything from the 6,000-year history of bread in works of art (artists include luminaries Salvador Dali, Many Ray and Pablo Picasso) to ancient artifacts of bakeries dating from the Stone Age.

Make sure to pack a lunch, though: despite being devoted to the food of life, you won’t find one edible loaf within the museum.

Which museum _______

The world’s weirdest museums

5. Salt and Pepper Shaker Museum, United States

You’ll see match made in heaven salt and pepper shakers at the Salt and Pepper Shaker Museum.

Andrea Ludden’s obsession is with salt and pepper shakers. A trained anthropologist, she’s writing a definitive study of the condiment dispensers, and displays her collection of more than 22,000 sets of salt and pepper shakers in a building specially arranged for their purpose.

The museum recalls small town Americana, with miniature McDonald’s menu items, skeletons, penguins, space aliens and endless variations on nearly every type of vegetable.

You can even pick up your own pair at the gift shop, where many duplicates are for sale, allowing you to start your own collection.

Which museum _______

The world’s weirdest museums

6. Sheep And Dog Building, New Zealand

Technically an information center rather than a museum proper, the architecture of this building is so bizarre it blows proper reasoning out the window. As the name suggests, the long building is shaped on the one side like a sheep, and on the other as a dog, with neither end having any real rhyme or reason. Apparently an example of ‘mimetic architecture’, when it comes to New Zealand landmarks, this one is a lot more representation of the folky novelty ‘Flight of the Conchords’ than the epic, overblown beauty of the ‘Lord of the Rings’ series.

Which museum _______

Read the text below. For questions (7 – 11) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D). Confirm your choice.

What's a university education worth?

Every year, it costs British students more and more to attend university. Students are graduating with larger and larger debts. So is a university degree really worth it?

In 2006, the UK government started to allow universities in England and Wales to charge British students tuition fees. As a result, more than 80% of students in England and Wales now take out a student loan in order to go to university. They use the loan to pay for tuition fees, books and living expenses. Although the interest on student loans is quite low, it begins as soon as the student receives the loan.

The average student in England and Wales now graduates from university with debts of around £12,000. Students of medicine, who study for longer, usually have debts of more than £20,000. That is a lot of money. It means graduates cannot afford to buy a house for many years. They even struggle to pay rent on a flat, because they have to start paying back the student loan when they reach the April after graduating (or after leaving a course).

You might think that a British person with a degree will find it easy to get a well paid job. However, most people in “white-collar jobs” seem to have a degree these days, so there is a lot of competition. Also, British companies tend to value work experience over a piece of paper. Like everyone else, graduates usually have to start at the bottom and work their way up. That can be very frustrating for them, since they are often over-qualified for the work they are doing. While at university, they had dreams of getting an exciting, challenging job. Therefore, life after university ends up being quite disappointing for a lot of graduates.

Students have always been seen as not having a lot of money, but “student poverty” is now considered a real problem in the UK. Most British students expect to get a loan, part-time job or summer job. By contrast, things are now easier for students from other countries coming to study in the UK, since the value of the British pound has fallen. More international students come to Britain each year.

7. What has contributed to the increasing costs of attending university for British students?                                          [Reduced availability of student loans, Lower tuition fees in recent years, Introduction of tuition fees for student, Government subsidies for education]

8. What do most students in England and Wales use their student loans for?                                          [Travel and leisure expenses, Tuition fees, books, and living expenses, Luxury goods and clothing, Investments in the stock market]

9. How do student loans impact graduates' financial situations in England and Wales?                                          [They reduce the overall cost of study, Graduates can afford to buy a house, Graduates must start repaying the loan s, Student loans have no impact]

10. Why do many British graduates find it challenging to secure well-paid jobs despite having degrees?                                          [There are too many job offers avaliable, companies value education more than work, Graduates lack the necessary skills, There is stiff competition for such jobs]

11. How has the value of the British pound affected international students studying in the UK?                                        [It has made studying more expensive, decrease of international students, studying in the UK is more affordable, no impact on international students]

Read the text below. For questions (12 – 21) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D). Confirm your choice.

Ecotourism

Imagine the scene. You're sitting in the hot sunshine beside the swimming pool of your international luxury hotel, drinking your imported juice. In front of you is the beach, (12) __          [given, grown, reserved, watered] for hotel guests with motor boats for hire. Behind you is an 18-hole golf course, which was cleared from the native forest and is kept green by hundreds of water sprinklers. Around the hotel are familiar international restaurant chains and the same shops that you have at home. You've seen some local __ people - some of them sell local handicrafts outside the hotel. You bought a small wooden statue and after (13) __          [swimming, saying, keeping, arguing] for half an hour you only paid a quarter of what the man was asking. Really cheap!

Is this your idea of heaven or would you prefer something different?

Nowadays, many of us try to live in a way that will (14) __        [damage, hurt, injure, stab] the environment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles, we take public transport to get to work, we try to buy locally (15) ___          [induced, produced, seduced, reduced] fruit and vegetables and we stopped using aerosol sprays years ago. And we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming more popular all over the world.

There are lots of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, alternative tourism, sustainable tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more. Ecotourism probably (16) ___          [gives, consists, evolves, involves] a little of all of them. Everyone has a different definition but most people agree that ecotourism must:

1 conserve the wildlife and culture of the area.

2 benefit the local people and involve the local community

3 be sustainable, that is make a profit without (17) ___             [destroying, banning, breaking, distracting]natural resources

4 provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.

So for example, in a true ecotourism project, a nature reserve (18)_____          [contains, gives, allows, meets] a small number of tourists to visit its rare animals and uses the money that is (19)_____           [generated, saved, promised, provided] to continue with important conservation work. The local people have jobs in the nature reserve as guides and wardens, but also have a voice in how the project develops. Tourists stay in local houses with local people, not in specially built hotels. So they (20)____            [bring, experience, talk, devote to] the local culture and do not take precious energy and water away from the local population. They travel on foot, by boat, bicycle or elephant so that there is no (21) ____             [pollution, delusion, environment, ache]. And they have a special experience that they will remember all of their lives.

Read the texts below. For questions (22 – 30) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D). Confirm your choice.

Why did railways develop?

Railways are not a modern invention as most of us (22) ___               [thinking, think, to be thought, is thinking]think. The idea of transporting things and people on rails (23) __          [had been, were, was, has been] around for a long time. Rails (24) __                [were made, are made, made, have been made] of wood, stone or metal, and railway wagons were pulled by horses, some were even wind powered and had sails. (25) ___     [on, in, at, for]the start of the Industrial Revolution in Britain, people needed to transport raw materials such as coal, so created a network of canals and rail links between towns. But canals and horsepower were a very slow way to move things around the country, so the speed of railway wagons needed (26) ____                   [to have increased, increased, to increase, to be increased].

Read the texts below. For questions (22 – 30) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D). Confirm your choice.

How did steam engines help?

By (27) __            [the 1800, the 1800th, 1800, 1800th] many industries were using steam engines, designed by James Watt (from where we get the electrical measurement - Watt). Richard Trevithick, a Cornish engineer, refined Watts’ invention and after (28) ___               [being failed, to be failing, to fail, failing] to build a steam powered road vehicle, he designed the first locomotive for an Iron Works in Wales. He called it a 'puffer' because of the noise it made, and on its first journey it travelled at almost 8 km/h! Unfortunately, it was so (29) __              [heaviest, heavy, heavier, the heaviest] that it broke the rails - it only made three journeys. But it had shown that steam engines could (30) ____            [be used, being used, to be used, use] to move trains, and speeds began to increase.