Egyptian Pyramids

THEME: Egyptian Pyramids

Read, write and learn the following words and word combinations:

useful корисний

to look like виглядати як

wood дерево

to place розміщувати

foot (pl. feet) фут = 30, 48 см

equipment обладнання

to study вивчати

amount кількість

to protect захищати

tombs могили

durability довговічність

durable міцний

equipment обладнання

to know (knew, known) знати

to make (made, made) робити, створювати

 Read and translate the text.

Architecture is the art which makes buildings beautiful to look at as well as useful. A man who designs buildings and makes the plans for them is called an architect. He has to think not only of what he wants the building to look like when it is finished but also what it is to be used for. He must not forget the sort of material to be used in the building. This may be stone, brick, wood or steel and concrete. There have been many different styles or kinds of architecture in the past and there are many different styles today in different parts of the world.

The oldest monuments which are found within architecture are the colossal pyramids of Egypt, most of which were constructed about 6,000 years ago.

The pyramids are large triangular buildings which were placed over the tombs of Egyptian kings. The best known of the pyramids are a group of three built at Giza south of Cairo. The largest of these is 482 feet high. They tell us of the advanced civilization of ancient Egypt which is much spoken about even in our days.

It was a country which had expert mathematicians and engineers, where astronomy and philosophy were known and studied.

The country was rich in hard and durable stone, but poor in timber and metal, so that the main material used for construction was granite, and this was the reason for the durability of the pyramids.

Large blocks of stone were transported over long distances by land and water, and placed into position with the help of the most primitive equipment. That was done by slaves  working for thirty or forty years. All this great amount of work was done, masses of material and a large territory, sometimes of about 52,000 square meters, were used only for protecting the body of a dead king and constructing a dwelling place for his happy life in the "other world".

 Choose the right answer.

1. An architect is a person who …

a) makes a building

b) designs a building

c) founds a building

2. The oldest architectural monuments are …

a) the tents of primitive people

b) the Cathedral of St. Sophia in Kiev

c) Egyptian Pyramids

3. An architect has to think of …

a) the sort of material for construction

b) what the building looks like

c) what the building is used for

4.The main building material for pyramids was …

a) timber and metal

b) brick

c) granite

5. Large blocks of building material were …

a) found in place

b) transported over long distances

c) imported from Giza

6. The pyramids were constructed for …

a) slaves to live in

b) a dead king

c) military purposes

Match the parts of the sentences.

1. Architecture is also the art …

2. The first houses were built for the purpose …

3. A man who designs buildings and …

4. The first house of the ancient people had only one purpose –  …

5. The generation writes its biography …

6. The building of skyscrapers …

a)  of protecting their owners from the weather and, therefore, were very simple.

b) to give them shelter.

c) was started in the 19th century.

d) in the buildings it creates.

e) of designing the human built environment.

f) superintends their construction is called an architect.

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Watch the video "Great Pyramid of Giza"