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- Architecture and the Architects
Урок:
Architecture and the Architects
05.08.2023
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I wish you good results!
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THEME: Architecture and the Architects
“There are three forms of visual art: painting is art to look at, sculpture is art you can walk around, and architecture is art you can walk through.” Dan Rice
I. Read, write and learn the following words and word-combinations:
architecture архітектура
craftsmanship майстерність
scope масштаб, розмах
structure будівля, споруда
town planning містобудування
to employ наймати на роботу
to fulfil виконувати
requirements вимоги
to possess володіти
in accordance with відповідно до
to distinguish розрізняти
suitability придатність
adaptability пристосованість
particular особливий
permanence постійність, незмінність
to vary змінюватися
design проєктування, проєкт
supervision керівництво
cumulative нагромаджений
urbanism містобудування
surveyor геодезист
to take part брати участь
to face зіткнутися з чимось
to avoid уникати
by-gone days минулі дні
landmark архітектурна пам’ятка
structural engineer інженер-будівельник
communication of experience передача досвіду
landscape architect ландшафтний архітектор
2
Read and translate the text.
Architecture (in Greek αρχή= first and τέχνη = craftsmanship) is the art and science of designing buildings and structures. A wider definition would include within its scope the design of the total built environment, from the macrolevel of town planning, urban design, and landscape architecture to the microlevel of furniture.
Architecture is the art and the technique of building employed to fulfil the practical and expressive requirements of civilized people. Almost every settled society that possesses the techniques for building produces architecture.
The characteristics that distinguish a work of architecture from other man-made structures are (1) suitability of the work used by human beings in general and the adaptability of it to particular human activities (2) the stability and the permanence of the work’s construction and (3) the communication of experience and through its form.
All these conditions must be met in architecture. The second is constant while the first and the third vary in relative importance according to the social functions of the buildings.
The architect is a person trained and experienced in the design of buildings and the coordination and supervision of all aspects of the construction of buildings.
When the architect designs a structure, he uses the cumulative knowledge of centuries. Many consultant experts - structural engineers, services engineers and other sub-contracted specialists work according to architect’s design.
The architect’s function now extend into town planning. Town planning or urbanism is the preparation of plans for the regulated growth and improvement of towns or the organization of land and buildings for group living. It is a cooperative process in which architects, economists, engineers, lawyers, landscape architects, doctors, sociologists, surveyors or topographers and other specialists take part.
The architect’s sphere of knowledge is constantly expanding. He has to combine art, advanced technology, science and economics in his work.
The main problem facing the architect today is to avoid any conflict with nature and landmarks of by-gone days.
3
Match the beginnings of the sentences to their endings using the information from the text.
1. One of the characteristics that distinguishes a work of architecture from other man-made structures is …
2. Many consultant experts work according to …
3. Architecture is the science of designing and building structures according to …
4. When the architect designs a structure, he combines ...
5. The architect is a person trained in …
6. The stability and the permanence of the work’s construction is ...
7. The preparation of plans for the regulated growth and improvement of towns is ...
a) the design of buildings
b) town planning
c) aesthetic and functional criteria
d) architect’s design
e) the stability and the permanence of the work’s construction
f) a constant condition in architecture
g) art, advanced technology, science and economics
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4
Fill in the gaps choosing the right variant.
1. Planning may control the environment by the design of architectural forms that may … the effects of natural forces.
a) foresee b) modify c) require
2. The architects must foresee destructive potentialities such as fire, earthquake, flood to make buildings …
a) beautiful b) useful c) habitable
3. A … house has separate areas for cooking, eating, storage, sleeping and recreation.
a) primitive b) modern c) ancient
5
Answer the questions.
How can you define architecture?
What distinguishes a work of architecture from other man-made structures?
Which of the conditions that must be met in architecture is constant?
What are the architect’s functions?
What specialists help the architect to design structures?
What is town planning?
Why is town design a cooperative processes?
What does the architect combine in his work?
What is the main challenge facing the architect at present?
What can you say about the role of an architect in civilized society?
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