Past Simple/Past Continuous

Present Simple / Present Continuous

The Past Simple Tense

Виражає одноразову дію або стан, багаторазову дію або ряд послідовних дій у минулому, не пов’язаних з моментом мовлення. Звичайно вживається з обставинами минулого часу:

yesterday вчора, las tweek минулого тижня, last month минулого місяця, last year минулого року, an hour ago годину тому, a year ago рік тому, in 1961 у 1961, on the 10th of November десятого листопада та ін.

He came yesterday. Він приїхав вчора.

I graduated from the University four years ago. Я закінчив університет чотири роки тому.

He finished the work last week. Він закінчив роботу минулого тижня.

Past Simple правильних дієслів утворюється шляхом додавання в усіх особах закінчення -ed до форми інфінітива: to work — worked; to live — lived.

Закінчення -ed вимовляється як [d] після дзвінких приголосних і голосних: lived, answered, played; [t] після глухих приголосних: helped, asked; [id] після t й d: wanted, intended. Дієслова, які закінчуються на у з попереднім приголосним, змінюють у на і: to study — studied, to copy — copied, але played, stayed (якщо перед у стоїть голосний).

Стверджувальна форма Past Simple неправильних дієслів усіх осіб однини та множини утворюється шляхом вживання другої форми цих дієслів.

He wrote a letter to his brother last week. Він написав листа своєму братові минулого тижня. Питальна та заперечна форми дієслів в Past Simple утворюються за допомогою минулого часу дієслова to do – did.

У питальній формі в Past Simple допоміжне дієслово did вживається перед підметом, а смислове дієслово в формі інфінітива без частки to стоїть після підмета:

Did I {he, she, it, we, you, they} read the book? Я (він, вона, ми, ви, вони) читали книгу?

У заперечній формі в PastSimple частка not вживається після допоміжного дієслова did, яке стоїть після підмета перед присудком:

I {he, she, it, we, you, they} did not read the book. Я (він, вона, ми, ви,

вони) не читали книгу.

Дієслово to be в Past Simple

The verb to be in the Past Simple Tense

Дієслово to have в Past Simple

The verb to have in the Past Simple Tense

Рast Continuous

Вживається для вираження дії, що відбувалася в певний конкретний момент у минулому:

а) точним зазначенням часу: at that time у той час, at four o’clock о четвертій годині:

He was speaking at the conference at 5 o’clock yesterday. Він виступав на конференції о п’ятій годині вчора.

б) іншою, як правило, короткочасною дією, що виражена дієсловом в Past Simple:

He was watching TV when mother came. Він дивився телевізор, коли прийшла мама.

Якщо обидві тривалі дії відбувалися в певний момент одночасно, то в обох реченнях дієслово-присудок вживається в Рast Continuous:

He was watching TV while his sister was washing up. Він дивився телевізор, в той час як його сестра мила посуд.

PAST CONTINUOUS / PAST SIMPLE

1. While I _________ for his call, somebody _____ at the door.

A waited В was waiting

A knocked В was knocking

2. They _____ while they ______ their car.

A quarrelled В were quarrelling

A washed В were washing

3. We ______ about Kate when she suddenly ______ in.

A talked В were talking

A came В was coming

4. In the morning when father ______ he ______ himself.

A shaved В was shaving

A cut В was cutting

5. When I __________ the exercise I looked at the pictures.

A was starting B were starting C started

6. While I _________ the exercise I looked at my computer screen.

A was doing B were doing C did

7. While I was doing the exercise I ________ my mouse a lot.

A was using B were using C used

8. In the exercise there was a picture of three doctors who ________ .

A was singing B were singing C sang

9. There was also one of Joe who ___________.

A was smoking B were smoking C smoked

10. In one of the pictures three people _________ for a train.

A was waiting B were waiting C waited

11. I couldn't watch television because I ___________ the exercise.

A was doing B were doing C did

12. Bill Gates ___________ his first software when he was 13.

A was writing B were writing C wrote

13. Madonna __________dance at the University of Michigan when she was young.

A was studying B were studying C studied

14. When I ____________ the exercise I did something different.

A was finishing B were finishing C finished

15. My brother and sister _________ tennis at 11am yesterday.

A were playing B are playing C played

16. At 8.30am today I ____________ to work.

A was driving B drived C drove

Read the text and fill in the gap with the words ( Past Simple)

Melissa, afraid, came, heard, much, noise, open, opened, said, shouted, was, went, were

THE CASTLE ON THE HILL

Maggie, Martin and Melissa (1) … on holiday with their parents. They were staying at an old house in the country. Near the house (2) … a castle.One day Maggie and Martin (3) … to the castle. They (4) … the door and went in. After a while they (5) … to a staircase and went down. Suddenly they heard a (6) … . But it was only a mouse or rat and so they went on. They came to an old door. Maggie was (7) … and didn’t want to open it but Martin said: “I’m not afraid of ghosts”, and wanted to open it. Suddenly they (8) … a funny noise. “Let’s run!” Martin (9) … . “But Martin you said you weren’t afraid of ghosts. Open the door!” Maggie said. But Martin was too scared to (10) … it and then there was the same noise again — but (11) … louder. Maggie went to the door. “Don’t open it!” Martin (12) … , but it was too late.Maggie opened it and behind it was (13) … .

Змініть на Past Simple дієслово у реченнях.

1. His father works at a plant.

2. I often see them in the park.

3. Do your pupils read English books?

4. Her mother teaches chemistry at school.

5. We don’t know his address.

6. He gets up, washes, dresses, has breakfast and goes to school.

7. Does the doctor speak English?

8. We understand the rule.

9. My friend doesn’t like such films.

10. In summer we pick berries and mushrooms.

11. They don’t change trains there.

12. This worker repairs his car himself.

Змініть дієслова to be на Past Simple.

1) I am a student. 2) They are at school. 3) His father is a lawyer. 4) She is a schoolgirl. 5) You are tired. 6) His parents are farmers. 7) The girls are at the theatre. 8) Peter is ill. 9) Is the doctor at the hospital? 10) Are you ready to go there?

Розкрийте дужки та поставте дієслово у відповідній формі часу. Зверніть увагу на обставини часу.

1) The children (to play) in the garden yesterday. 2) You (to see) me again next week. 3) We (to see) those pictures yesterday morning. 4) He (not to write) usually with his right hand. 5) They (to wait for) their friends last Sunday. 6) I always (to write) a birthday card for him. 7) We (not to be) at home last week. 8) They usually (to have) coffee, but they (to have) tea now. 9) She (to want) to talk to them yesterday. 10) Ann (to cook) for her family tomorrow.