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- passive voice
Урок:
passive voice
05.11.2023
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Grammar explanation
We use the passive voice to change the focus of the sentence.
My bike was stolen. (passive – focus on my bike)
Someone stole my bike. (active – focus on someone)
We often use the passive:
when we prefer not to mention who or what does the action (for example, it's not known, it's obvious or we don't want to say)
so that we can start a sentence with the most important or most logical information
in more formal or scientific writing.
How we make the passive
We make the passive using the verb be + past participle. We start the sentence with the object.
Avatar | was | directed by James Cameron. |
↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
Object | + be + | past participle |
It is not always necessary to add who or what did the action.
My flight | is | cancelled. |
↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
Object | + be + | past participle |
Only the form of be changes to make the tense. The past participle stays the same. Here are examples of the passive in its most common tenses.
Tense | Example | Structure |
Present simple | Alioli is made from oil, garlic and salt. | is/are + past participle |
Present continuous | The hall is being painted this week. | is/are being + past participle |
Past simple | John F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963. | was/were + past participle |
Past continuous | The signs were being put up last week. | was/were being + past participle |
Present perfect | Oranges have been grown here for centuries. | has/have been + past participle |
Past perfect | When he got home, he found that his flat had been burgled. | had been + past participle |
Future simple | The work will be finished next week. | will be + past participle |
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