Natural and man-made disasters

Read the textand do the tasks. Write onle numbers and letters.

Natural disasters can happen at any time. A flood occurs when there is too much rain, and rivers overflow. People often have to leave their homes until the water goes away. An earthquake can shake the ground very hard, causing buildings to fall. It's important to stay safe by finding shelter under a table or a doorway. Sometimes, a hurricane can form over warm ocean waters. These are very strong storms with high winds and heavy rain. People try to prepare by boarding up windows and buying supplies. In some countries, like Japan, a tsunami can happen after an earthquake in the ocean. This huge wave can sweep towards the coast, causing damage. Wildfires are another dangerous type of disaster. They can start with a small spark, but dry conditions and winds help them spread quickly through forests and towns. People often rush to leave these areas to stay safe. A volcano eruption happens when hot magma from inside the earth bursts out, sending ash and lava everywhere. This can destroy homes and land, but sometimes it helps make the soil richer for farming later on. Humans can also have an impact on the planet. Global warming is a serious problem caused by too much pollution. It makes the Earth's temperature rise, melting ice caps and causing weather changes. One reason for global warming is the greenhouse effect, where gases like carbon dioxide trap heat in the atmosphere. Understanding these disasters can help us prepare and protect ourselves. It's important to learn about safety measures and how to reduce our impact on the environment.

I Match words with their definitions

a. a powerful storm with strong winds and heavy rain that forms over warm ocean waters.

b. a sudden shaking of the ground caused by movements in the Earth's crust.

c. a series of large ocean waves typically caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.

d. uncontrolled fires that spread quickly through forests or grasslands, often fueled by dry conditions.

e. an event where molten rock, ash, and gases are released from a volcano into the air.

f. the process by which certain gases trap heat in the atmosphere, keeping the planet warm.

g. the gradual increase in Earth's average temperature due to human activities like burning fossil fuels.

h. a large amount of water that covers land which is usually dry, often caused by heavy rain.

1. hurricane

2. earthquake

3. wildfires

4. volcano eruption

5. tsunami

6. flood

7. greenhouse effect

8. global warming

II Read these statements and decide if they are True, False or Not Mentioned

1. A flood can happen because of too much rain.

2. During an earthquake, the best place to hide is near a window.

3. Hurricanes form over cold ocean waters.

4. Japan often experiences tsunamis after earthquakes.

5. Wildfires can spread quickly because of strong winds.

6. A volcanic eruption always destroys land without any benefits.

7. People can prevent all natural disasters.

8. Global warming is mainly caused by pollution.

9. Carbon dioxide helps cool down the Earth's atmosphere.

10. The text mentions how people can predict all disasters.

11. Magma from a volcano always stays in liquid form.

12. The text talks about the damage caused by meteorites.

III Read each question and choose the correct answer (A, B, or C)

1. What causes a flood?
   A) Strong winds
   B) Too much rain
   C) An earthquake

2. What should people do during an earthquake?
   A) Stay under a table or a doorway
   B) Run outside immediately
   C) Stand next to a window

3. Where do hurricanes form?
   A) Over warm ocean waters
   B) In the mountains
   C) In the desert

4. What helps people prepare for hurricanes?
   A) Staying near rivers
   B) Buying supplies and boarding up windows
   C) Opening all doors and window

5. What can cause a tsunami?
   A) An earthquake in the ocean
   B) A wildfire
   C) A flood

6. Why do wildfires spread quickly?
   A) Because of dry conditions and wind
   B) Because of heavy rain
   C) Because of earthquakes

7. What comes out of a volcano when it erupts?
   A) Water and sand
   B) Magma, ash, and lava
   C) Ice and snow

8. How can a volcanic eruption benefit the land?
   A) It makes the soil richer for farming
   B) It creates new lakes
   C) It stops wildfires

9. What is a major cause of global warming?
   A) The greenhouse effect
   B) Volcanic eruptions
   C) Earthquakes

10. What does the greenhouse effect do?
    A) Cools down the Earth
    B) Traps heat in the atmosphere
    C) Reduces pollution

11. What happens when ice caps melt?
    A) The sea level rises
    B) The Earth gets colder
    C) There are fewer natural disasters

12. Why is it important to learn about natural disasters?
    A) To know how to stay safe and reduce our impact on the environment
    B) To make disasters stop happening
    C) To prevent all future earthquake