“Lesson 7. Past Tenses”

Read the text and do the task given below.

DOES YOUR BODY BETRAY YOU?

   You may think that you are making  yourself perfectly, but could your body language be telling the world a totally different story?

   Experts believe that, when we first meet another person, three-quarters of our knowledge about them comes via our eyes rather than our ears. So, however cool you think you’re being, there are a lot of little telltale gestures and  expressions that give you away. 

   Fidgeting with things – like a pencil, a cigarette, keys or coins- or tapping your fingers indicates that you are feeling uncomfortable. And even if you manage to keep your hands from fiddling you’ll probably stars

Fidgeting with your you feet. That’s  because, as they are furthest from the brain, they’re harder to control Watch out for shitting the weight from  foot to foot, kicking, or rubbing one  foot against the other, if you don’t want to let people know that you’re a bundle of nerves.

   Folding your arms while talking to someone shows that they’re invading your space and you want to keep them at arm’s length. Perhaps they’re irritating you, or you feel they’re trying to be too friendly. If your arms are folded and your fists clenched, it’s a clear message that you feel threatened and want to be left alone. An arm clasp, in which the upper arms are firmly gripped, is an even clearer signal that you reject this person and want nothing to do with them.

   Gently massaging or lugging at an ear lobe while listening to someone means that, however interested you look, you don’t really want to hear what’s being said to you. You want to block speaker’s words, even it they’re true.

Scratching your neck while trying to persuade someone that you’re right reveals that you’re  not really sure of your facts. Or it could be that you are trying to persuade your listener to do something you don’t, in your heart of hearts, believe is right. For some reason the neck is usually scratched exactly five times.

   A woman gently touching the skin underneath her eye as she speaks is trying to shield her listener from what she’s saying. She doesn’t want to hurt their feelings, but she has to be honest. A man in the same situation will often rub one eye very briskly. If someone of either sex looks away after speaking they are showing that they’re nervous about the reaction they’re likely to get.

   Touching the nose is an almost foolproof sign that you’re telling lies. People, who do this a lot , even if it’s just a light brush on the side of the nose, often read deceitful lives. They may be hiding a guilty secret, so beware! Covering the mouth as you speak is an even clearer indication of lying.

    When a man wearing a shirt and tie gently eases the collar away from his neck, he’s almost certainly lying. This is because it reduces tension in the neck caused by the increased stress.

   When people try hard to remember something, they usually look up and to the left. But. If they’re inventing something rather than telling the truth, they usually gaze upwards and to the right. So if you want to be believed, remember to gaze in the correct direction. 

   A small child often has conflicting desires(e.g. he wants to snatch a toy from another toddler but is afraid of being scolded) and often raises an open hand close to this head. In adults, this gesture has often evolved into head grooming, when the hair is smoothed downwards two or three times. It shows that you are in a quandary, and don’t know what to do for the best. In a conversation, it indicates that you’re not sure whether to believe someone or not.

b. In the text find and list the gestures revealing the following:

agitation, hostility, doubt , anticipation, lying, pretending not to hear, unwillingness to hurt

Past continuous.pptPast Perfect.pptPast simple.pptPast tenses.pptFull Past Tenses.ppt

Our objective are

• to present and practise Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect in comparison with each other.

• to pracise narrating past events;

• to check students’ grammar skills

Today we continue to study a very interesting theme “Appearance and disposition”.

If you read the quotations given below:

•  I came, I saw, I conquered. (J. Caesar)

• The report of my death was an exaggeration (M. Twain)

• II have raised a monument more lasting than bronze. (Horace)

• I have found! / I’ve got it! (Archimedes)

• He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. (G. Eliot)

You will predict the theme of the lesson.

In this lesson we will study and revise some material about past tenses. I prepared different presentations and exercises for you. I think it is a very interesting and useful lesson. You should carefully look through all the materials, study text files in this lesson. We will begin speaking and reading about the teenagers and their problems. You should do the exercises, read texts carefully and after that your skills will be better. If you don’t now some words you can search them in the vocabulary.

We also added some hyberlinks to make your study fun

Make up 20 sentences in Past Perfect, Past Continuous and Past Simple.

Presentation Past Simple

In the days of early times England was the land of tribes.

People came and went away.

Their traces still remain.

Kings and barons, chiefs and knights —

Their lives were full of fights.

Farmers grew and gave them foods.

Trades brought and sold them goods.

Vast landscapes and gardens green

Heavens in the lakes are seen.

Fresh and rainy countryside

Like a blooming paradise.

English home is a castle.

Rose bushes sweetly rustle.

They can tell us what life was

In the days of peace and wars.

We use the Past Simple to talk about :

1. Finished actions.

2. Past situations that are repeated or continuous, and past habits.

We can use the following time adverbials with the Past Simple: yesterday, last month, last Monday, two days ago, three years ago.

Presentation Past Continuous

We use the Past Continuous to talk about:

1. Activities that continued for some time in the past

2. Activities or situations that form a background for an event.

3. Two actions in progress at the time.

Past Simple and Past Continuous

When the Past Continuous and the Past Continuous appear in one sentence, the Past Continuous describes the background (setting the scene), and the Past Simple reports an event.

Past Simple or Past Continuous

Complete the sentences with correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Something (fall) out of the window while I       (stand) under it.

2. When Jane (have) her Saturday job at a flower shop she _

(send) me flowers.

1. Dad_ (pay) me very well when I    (work) in his shop in the holi­days.

2. It (snow) while we (make) a snowman.

3. I (leave) the shop and then I______________ (see) this picture, so I      (buy)

it.

1. A light rain (fall) when I (arrive) in Abilene for the first time.

2. I (write) to you as soon as I_____ (know) I  (come) on the 21st.

Presentation Past Perfect

We use the Past Perfect to talk about an event which happened before some other past events.

Past Perfect or Past Simple

Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

Last month a police car in Arizona, USA took (take) fifteen-year- old Nancy Kellerman to the police station. Her crime? Earlier that

night, she (be) out with her friend’s in the park. She         (not realize)

that it was after 10 p.m. and the police (arrest) her. Yes, in Arizona

any teenager under sixteen has to be at home by 10 p.m. and because

Nancy (forget) that she (be) at the police station that night.

She (take) her fingerprints and (ask) her some questions. Then her dad __ (take) her home.