Grammar. Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple and Present Perfect (C)

Present Simple

Using: usual or repeated action at present; action by the timetable.

Вживання: дія, яка відбувається зазвичай; повторювана дія в теперішньому; дія за розкладом.

Helping words: always, often, usually, sometimes, rarely,

hardly ever, never, every.

I always do my homework in the evening.

Jane has German tests every Wednesday.

Bus arrives to London at 10 am.

Making sentences:

I, You, We, They

+ Subject + Verb

- Subject + don’t + Verb

? Do + Subject + Verb ?

He, She, It

+ Subject + Verb+s/es

- Subject + doesn’t + Verb

? Does + Subject + Verb ?

Present Continuous

Using: action which is happening now, when we are talking about it; future action which is planned beforehead.

Вживання: дія, яка відбувається в даний момент, коли ми про неї говоримо; дія, яка відбудеться в майбутньому і є запланованою завчасно.

Helping words: now; at the moment.

I am doing my homework now.

Look! Students are writing German test.

Tom is travelling to London next month. He has already booked the tickets.

Making sentences:

+ Subject + am / is / are + Verb+ing

- Subject + am not / isn’t / aren’t + Verb+ing

? Am / Is / Are + Subject + Verb+ing ?

Present Perfect Simple

Using: completed action in the past which has a result at present; sometimes – action started in the past and continues now

Вживання: завершена дія в минулому, яка має результат у теперішньому.

Helping words: already, just, ever (-/?), never, yet (?), not yet, since, for.

Since – з того часу, як (є початок дії і вона триває).

For – протягом (дія має початок і кінець, вказуємо на час, поки вона тривала).

I have already done my project. I can go to the lesson.

Have you ever been to Scotland?

Susan has just come home. She can wear her pyjamas.

Making sentences:

+ Subject + have / has + Verb (ed / 3 f.)

- Subject + haven’t / hasn’t + Verb (ed / 3 f.)

? Have / Has + Subject + Verb (ed / 3 f.) ?

Grammar Test

Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Present Perfect

1) Tom … at the river at the moment.

a) am fishing                  b) is fishing                   c) are fishing

2) We … to America last summer.

a) travelled                    b) are travelled              c) travel

3) You … just … a cup of tea.

a) have made                  b) make                          c) made

4) They … a song yesterday.

a) sing                           b) sang                          c) are singing

5) Rosa … bread every evening.

a) buys                           b) bought                       c) buy

6) Fiona and Kate … at the concert now.

a) sing                           b) are singing                 c) sang

7) Tim … since 7 o’clock.

a) swims                         b) is swimming                c) has swum

8) Tina … an exercise yesterday.

a) wrote                         b) write                         c) has written